矮壮素在茄子中的残留分析与膳食暴露评估

Residue analysis and dietary exposure assessment of chlormequat chloride in eggplant

目的明确茄子中施用矮壮素的作用,分析矮壮素在茄子中的残留行为和评估其膳食暴露风险。方法开展矮壮素在茄子中的规范残留试验,茄子样品经乙酸-乙腈提取,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)检测,分析矮壮素在茄子中的残留行为,监测矮壮素对茄子生长和品质的影响,用农药残留联席会议的方法对茄子中矮壮素残留带来的膳食摄入风险进行评估。结果矮壮素在0.002~0.5 mg/L的范围内线性关系良好,在茄子中的检出限和定量限分别为0.0005和0.002 mg/kg。在0.002、0.01和0.02 mg/kg添加水平下,回收率在86.7%~102.3%,相对标准偏差为6.1%~8.2%。茄子中矮壮素残留对我国各类人群的膳食摄入暴露量为0.51~1.4μg/(kg bw·d),占ARf D的1.02%~2.8%。矮壮素应用在茄子中的推荐使用剂量为9 g ai/ha浓度喷施2次,茄子中矮壮素残留带来的膳食摄入风险极低。结论本研究为茄子中矮壮素的合理使用、科学监管及最大残留限量标准的制定提供依据。

Objective To confirm the effect of chlormequat chloride on eggplant, and evaluate the residue behavior and dietary intake risk of chlormequat chloride in eggplant. Methods The residual trial of chlormequat chloride in eggplant was carried out. The samples were extracted with acetic acid-acetonitrile and determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry（UPLC-MS/MS）. The residue of chlormequat chloride in eggplant was analyzed and the influence of chlormequat chloride on eggplant yield and quality was detected. The acute risk assessment of chlormequat chloride in eggplant to different population was investigated with the method of Joint Meeting of Pesticide Residues. Results The calibration curve showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.002-0.5 mg/L. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.0005 and 0.002 mg/kg, respectively. At the spiked levels of 0.002, 0.01 and 0.02 mg/kg, the recoveries ranged from 86.7%-102.3% with the RSD of 6.1%-8.2%. The national estimated short-term intake of chlormequat chloride residue in eggplant for different population was 0.51-1.4 μg/kg bw·d, and the percentage of ARf D was 1.02%-2.8%. When the recommended rates of chlormequat chloride applied to eggplant was 9 g ai/ha with 2 times, the acute risk of chlormequat chloride residue in eggplant was very low. Conclusion This study provides basis for the rational use, scientific supervision and making maximum residue limit of chlormequat chloride in eggplant.