富硒食品中硒元素检测方法的研究进展

Advances on selenium detection of selenium-enriched foods

硒具有清除体内自由基、抗衰老、增强人体免疫力、拮抗重金属毒性及抗癌等生物功能。从来源分,富硒食品可以分为地源富硒食品(又称天然富硒食品)和外源富硒食品(也称人工富硒食品)。目前市场上常见的富硒食品有富硒大米、富硒茶、富硒酵母和富硒杂粮,主要以农产品为主,存在产品同质化倾向严重、生产技术装备落后、产品品质不高等问题。富硒食品的检测方法有原子荧光光谱法、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法以及原子荧光光度法。本文就硒元素的概况、市场上常见的富硒食品以及富硒食品中硒元素的检测方法进行了介绍,并对富硒食品现有的检测方法进行了概括并分析以及对未来的检测方法进行了展望。

Selenium has many biological functions such as removing free radicals, anti-aging, improving immunity, antagonistic heavy metal toxicity, anti-cancer and other. From the source point, the selenium-enriched foods can be divided into the land source selenium-enriched foods（also called natural selenium-enriched foods） and the exogenous selenium-enriched foods（also called artificial selenium-enriched foods）. At present, the common selenium-enriched foods include selenium-enriched rice, tea, yeast and other cereals. The main products are mainly agricultural products and have the problems of homogenization of products, backward production technology and equipment and low quality of products. The detection methods of selenium-enriched foods are atomic fluorescence spectrometry（AFS）, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry（ICP-OES）, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS） and fluorospectrophotometry. This paper reviewed the advances on selenium and common selenium-enriched food on the market, summarized and analyzed the detection methods of selenium in selenium-enriched food, and prospected the future detection methods.