不同投叶量与杀青机转速对铁观音品质的影响

Influences of different leaf quantity and fixation machine speed on the quantity of Tieguanyin

目的探索不同投叶量与杀青机转速的杀青条件对铁观音毛茶品质的影响。方法选用春季闽南乌龙茶品种铁观音,按一芽三四叶标准在晴天进行采摘,采用6CTS-90型杀青机进行杀青,杀青温度280℃,通过两因素完全随机设计实验,设置转速与投叶量不同参数组合对茶叶进行不同杀青处理,比较经过各杀青处理组铁观音生化成分和感官品质的差异。结果生化成分分析表明,各组茶样的水浸出物含量在25.09%~42.03%之间、游离氨基酸总量在2.1%~2.9%之间,随着杀青滚筒转速的增加,投叶量的减少,所对应处理组茶样的水浸出物含量和游离氨基酸总量皆呈现增长趋势;各处理组茶样的茶多酚总量在20%~32%之间,且转速的提高呈递增趋势。感官审评结果表明,杀青参数以投叶量3 kg,转速24 r/min时,铁观音感官品质最佳。结论在使用6CTS-90型杀青机进行杀青时,一定程度上,若投叶量相同,杀青机滚筒转速越高越有利于提高铁观音的质量;杀青机转速相同时,投叶量不宜过大。

Objective To investigate the influences of different leaf quantity and rotation speed on the quality of Anxi Tiekuanyin tea. Methods The springtime fresh leaves of Tieguanyin tea plants for fixation were selected as test materials. The 6 CTS-90 fixation machine was used, and the fixation temperature was 280 ℃. Through two factors completely random design experiment, different fixing treatments of combination of different rotation speed and leaf quantity parameter were carried out. The differences of biochemical components and sensory quality of Tieguanyin tea were compared. Results By comparing the difference of tea sample＇s biochemical components, the water extracts were 25.09%~42.03%, and total free amino acids were 2.1%~2.9%, which were increased with the rotation speed of the fixation machine. Tea polyphenols were 20%~32%, which were decreased with the rotation speed of the fixation machine. The results of sensory evaluation showed that the quality of Tieguanyin was the best when the leaf quantity was 3 kg and the rotation speed was 24 r/min. Conclusion When the machine of 6 CTS-90 is used for fixation, to a certain extent, the higher the speed of the roller of the machine, the higher the quality of the Tieguanyin. When the speed of the machine is the same, the leaf quantity should not be too large.