东晋“易象妙于见形”之辩及其意义

The Debate in the Eastern Jin Dynasty on the Proposition “The Profundity of the Changes' Images Lies in Their Tangibility” and Its Significance

经考证,《世说新语·文学》刘峻注引关于易象问题的未署名文章,是孙盛的《易象妙于见形论》。东晋咸康六年,孙盛与殷浩就"易象妙于见形"发生了论战。孙盛认为易象揭示了"卦气"的运行奥秘,直接反映了事物的本质与规律(道);殷浩则认为易象不可能完全表达圣人的思想,应当运用形名方法,通过分析形器的外在现象,揭示其内在的本质规律(道)。这是魏晋玄学义理派与传统象数派在东晋新形势下的思想交锋,为韩康伯以义理为本融合象数的新易学,提出了新的时代要求并提供了思想资源。

Textual research demontrates that the anonymous article discussing the issue of imagery of the Changes quoted by Liu Jun（463-521）in the ＂Literature＂ section of A New Account of the Tales of the World was actually ＂The profundity of the Changes＇ Images Lies in Its Tangibility＂ written by Sun Sheng.In 340,Sun had a hot debate with Yin Hao（303-356）on whether ＂the profoundity of the Changes＇ images lies in their intangibility＂ .Sun held that the images of the Changes could reveal the principle of the operation of the qi（material force）and directly reflect the nature and law of things（i.e.,Dao）.However,Yin Hao argued that the images could not thoroughly express the sages＇ thought,and the nature and law of things（i.e.,Dao）could only be revealed through analyzing the external phenomena by the use of forms and names.The two different opinions manifested the ideological confrontation between the Neo-Daoist Meanings and Principles School and traditional Image-numerological School in a new situation in the Wei（220-265）and Jin（265-420）dynasties,which raised new demands in the new era;it also offered ideological sources for Han Kangbo＇s scholarship on the Changes,which took meanings and principles as its core and adopted image-numerology in the meantime.