日本江户古学派的“尊孟”与“非孟”论

On Mencius-Respecting and Mencius-Criticizing Thought of Tokugawa’s Ancient Learning School in Japan

对中国朱子学的批判,是日本江户古学派的共通价值取向。但是,针对与朱子学有着密切关联的孟子及《孟子》一书,古学派的两大巨子——伊藤仁斋和荻生徂徕却有着＂尊孟＂与＂非孟＂的不同看法,并对《孟子》有着不同程度的新诠,从中凸显出二人的价值取向。因而,从日本视域下探讨《孟子》诠释,更将有助于人们对《孟子》在东亚世界历史地位的深入认识。

The idea that Zhu Xi’s philosophy should be criticized was widely accepted by the Ancient Learning School(Kogakuha). However, scholars had different opinions on how to evaluate Mencius and his classical work Mencius which were closely related to Zhu Xi’s philosophy. Ito Jinsai and Ogyū Sorai, the two representative scholars of Tokugawa’s Ancient Learning School, gave opposite interpretations on Mencius, reflecting their distinctive scholarly orientations. As a result, the interpretations of Mencius by Tokugawa scholars in Japan contributes to our understanding of its historical status in East Asia.