凤庆鸡血藤、昆明鸡血藤、鸡血藤考

Textual research on Fengqing Jixueteng （Kadsura interior A. C. Smith） ,Kunming Jixueteng （Millettia dielsiana Harms ex Diels） and Jixueteng （ Spatholobus suberectus Dunn）

鸡血藤为常用中药，但是同名异物现象很复杂。凤庆鸡血藤膏首创于清代，凤庆鸡血藤为五味子科植物南五味子属Kadsura Juss．及五味子属Schisandra Michx．的多种植物的干燥藤茎；昆明鸡血藤始载于《植物名实图考》，来源于豆科植物香花崖豆藤Millettia dielsiana Harms ex Diels的干燥藤茎；《广西本草选编》最先将豆科植物密花豆Spathlobus suberectus Dunn做为鸡血藤的原植物，直到1977年《中华人民共和国药典》将密花豆S．suberectus Dunn收载为鸡血藤的正品来源。目前各地方标准中收载鸡血藤基原也非常复杂，涉及到豆科3个属3个种的植物。五味子科植物南五味子属Kadsura Juss．及五味子属Schisandra Michx．的多种植物作为风庆鸡血藤的原植物历史最为悠久，但现今将豆科植物密花豆S．suberectus Dunn作为鸡血藤最为广泛。古今鸡血藤品种较为复杂，还需对鸡血藤进行深入的调查与研究。

Being a common materia medica, the confusion of Jixueteng caused by the homonyms of different substances for Jixueteng is always very complicated. Fengqing Jixueteng Paste was first created in the Qing Dynasty. Fengqing Jixueteng was derived from the dried stems of a variety of species in Kadsura Juss. and Schisandra Michx. from Sehisandraeea; while Kunming Jixueteng, derived from the dried stem of Millettia dielsiana Harms ex Diels, was firstly recorded in the Zhi wu ming shi tu kao （ Textual Research on Reality and Titles of Plants）. The earliest records ofSpatholobus suberectus Dunn as the original plant of Jixueteng was in Guang xi ben cao xuan bian （Selected Compilation of Chinese Materia Medica in Guangxi ）. It was not until 1997 that Spatholobus suberectus Dunn was recorded as an origin of orthodox product of Jixueteng in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. At present, the origins of Jixueteng is very complicated as recorded in different provincial standards, including three species of three genus from Leguminosae. The varieties of species from Kadsara Juse. and Schisandra Michx. had long been used as Fertgqing Jixueteng, hut currently the most extensively used one is Spatholobus suberectus Dunn as Jixueteng. There are more differences in records of Jixueteng in history up to the present, hence, further investigation and research on Jixueteng is still necessary.