中国入境旅游发展效率及其影响因素研究

Technical efficiency and influencing factors of China's inbound tourism

为了更好地提高旅游专业化水平,运用随机前沿分析技术,根据2004-2014年跨省面板数据,测算了中国入境旅游发展效率,全面分析了入境旅游发展效率的区域特征及影响因素。结果表明:中国入境旅游发展效率较低,呈现低位小幅波动特征;东部、中部、西部的技术效率分别为0.65,0.49,0.4,中部效率为中间水平,技术效率东西差异明显;旅游资源品位、贸易开放度对中国入境旅游发展效率的正向影响最明显,交通状况、外资开放度、产业环境对入境旅游发展的正向影响相对较小;针对研究结论提出政策建议。

Based on the panel data of China＇s province and SFA model,this paper analyzes the regional disparity of technical efficiency of China＇s inbound tourism and its influence factors. The main results show that the technical efficiency of China＇s inbound tourism is low,and it presents small fluctuation characteristics. But it also shows that the inbound tourism industry in China still has potential for growth under the present condition of unchanged technological progress. The regional disparity of technical efficiency does exist in China＇s inbound tourism,the technical efficiency of the eastern、central and the western region of China is 0.65,0.49,0.4,respectively.The technical efficiency in the eastern region which is above the national average level of efficiency is higher than that in the central region,while the efficiency of the central region and the western region is slightly below the national average level. But judging from the coefficient of variation,such regional gap is gradually being narrowed. The cause of low efficiency and regional differences only lies in tourism resources,trade openness has a positive effect on China＇s inbound tourism development efficiency,while the traffic conditions,foreign investment openness and industrial environment do little to develop the inbound tourism. At last,the paper gives some suggestions on how to decrease the regional development disparity of China＇s inbound tourism industry efficiency.