海勤人员视力状况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the visual status in naval afloat personnel

目的 对海勤人员的视力状况进行调查研究,为疗养期间更好地开展眼视觉保健工作提供依据.方法 采用国际标准对数视力表,检查来我院健康疗养并进行年度体检的516名海勤人员的裸眼远视力和最佳屈光矫正度.结果 潜艇艇员视力异常眼数率为25.72％,潜水员为23.84％,舰员为28.34％;潜水员与舰员比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.潜艇艇员不合格眼数率为5.14％,潜水员为0,舰员为4.28％;潜艇艇员、舰员明显高于潜水员,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,潜艇艇员与舰员比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.潜水员、潜艇艇员与舰员屈光度分别是（-0.75 ±0.23）D、（-1.16 ±0.74）D和（-1.46±1.46）D;潜艇艇员、舰员明显高于潜水员,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,潜艇艇员与舰员比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 潜水员的视力优于潜艇艇员和舰员,屈光度数也明显低于潜艇艇员和舰员.应当增强各相关医疗机构对海勤人员趋向近视的认知,向海勤人员灌输预防近视的理念,有针对性地开展眼视觉保健工作.

Objective To investigate the visual status in naval afloat personnel,so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of eye disorders during convalescence.Methods Examinations of uncorrected visual acuity and refractive power were performed in 516 navy afloat personnel who were admitted into the sanatorium for refreshment.Results The visual acuity abnormal rate with the number of eyes in submarines,divers and surface ship crew were respectively 25.72％,23.84％ and 28.34％.Statistical significance could be noted when comparisons were made between them（P ＜ 0.05）.The unqualified rate with the number of eyes in submarines,divers and surface ship crew were respectively 5.14％,0％ and 4.28％.The rate of the surface ship crew was obviously higher than that of the divers,with statistical significance（P ＜ 0.01）.However,there was no statistical significance,when comparisons were made between the submariners and the surface ship crew （P ＞ 0.05）.The rates of refraction for submariners,divers and surface ship crew were respectively （-0.75 ± 0.23） D,（-1.16 ± 0.74） D and （-1.46 ± 1.46） D.The rates of refraction for submariners and surface ship crew were significantly higher than that of the divers,with statistical significance （P ＜ 0.01）.However,there was no statistical significance,when comparisons were made between the submariners and the surface ship crew （P ＞ 0.05）.Conclusions Visual acuity of the divers was superior to that of the submariners and the surface ship crew,and refraction rate was lower than that of the submariners and the surface ship crew.Related medical organizations should heighten their awareness of myopia tendency in naval afloat personnel,instill the concept of myopia prevention and purposely enhance efforts on eye health care.