2004-2012年分离自北京口岸进出口食品的沙门菌耐药性分析

Analysis of antimicrobial resistance of isolated Salmonella spp. from import and export food in Beijing,2004-2012

目的了解北京口岸进出口食品中分离沙门菌的耐药状况及耐药谱情况,分析耐药趋势,为制定食品安全监管措施和抗生素的使用提供依据。方法对65株本实验室分离的沙门菌以及17株参比菌株,共82株沙门菌采用Kindy-Bauer(KB)法检测其对15种抗生素的敏感性,根据美国临床实验室标准化研究所(CLSI)标准进行判断,并对药敏试验结果进行数据分析。结果 65株沙门菌分离株除对头孢吡肟、头孢曲松、阿米卡星、头孢噻肟全部敏感外,对其余11种抗生素均有不同程度的耐药,其中氨苄西林耐药率最高为16.9%(11/65),其次为哌拉西林(13.8%,9/65)、四环素(13.8%,9/65)、卡那霉素(9.2%,6/65)和链霉素(7.7%,5/65)。在所有65株沙门菌分离株中,对1种抗生素耐药的菌株共11株,占16.9%(11/65),对2种抗生素耐药的菌株为1株,占1.5%(1/65),对3种及以上抗生素耐药的多重耐药株为7株,多重耐药率为10.8%(7/65)。结论北京口岸进出口食品中分离的沙门菌对多种抗生素耐药。

Objective To determine the antibiotic susceptibility of isolated Salmonella spp. from import and export food and evaluate the spectrum of their multiple antimicrobial resistance, so as to provide the basis for food safety and rational clinical drug usage. Methods The Salmonella spp. of 65 isolated strains and 17 reference strains were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility against 15 kinds of antibiotics by Kirby-Bauer method. The susceptibility was determined by the standard of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute（ CLSI）. Results All of the isolates were sensitive to cefepime,ceftriaxone,amikacin and cefotaxime. The highest drug resistance rate was for ampicillin（ 16. 9 %, 11/65） and piperacillin（ 13. 8 %,9/65）. Many isolates were resistant to tetracycline（ 13. 8 %,9/65）,kanamycin（ 9. 2 %,6/65）and streptomycin（ 7. 7 %,5/65）. Among 65 isolates, eleven strains（ 16. 9 %,11/65） were resistant to one antibiotic,one strain（ 1. 5 %,1/65） was resistant to two antibiotics,and 7（ 10. 8 %,7/65） strains of multidrug resistance were detected which were resistant to three to six antibiotics. Conclusion Isolates of Salmonella spp. from import and export food in Beijing showed multiple drug resistance and the monitoring should be strengthened to ensure food safety.