芝麻酚的神经保护作用及分子机制

Neuroprotective Effects of Sesamol:Potential Mechanisms of Action

芝麻酚是我国传统油料作物——芝麻中的一种木酚素类食品功能组分,具有抗氧化,降血压,抗炎症等生理活性。由于芝麻酚可以透过血脑屏障,所以近年来其在中枢神经系统中的生物活性备受关注。大量研究表明:膳食补充芝麻酚可通过上调脂质分解基因,下调脂质合成基因表达,改善线粒体功能等改善机体糖脂代谢;通过激活IRS-1/AKT信号通路逆转中枢神经系统胰岛素抵抗;通过干预NFκB转录调控信号通路,抑制由系统性炎症引起的β淀粉样蛋白合成与沉积,中枢胆碱能系统的失衡,进而改善认知记忆功能;通过减轻脑部氧化应激损伤,恢复血清素等神经递质水平等发挥抗抑郁作用。本文综述了近年来芝麻酚干预调控多种中枢神经系统病变的分子机制研究进展,旨在为深入发掘芝麻酚及其它可透过血脑屏障的食品功能组分的神经保护作用的研究提供理论依据。

Sesamol,a lignin food component from Chinese traditional oil plant sesame（Sesamum indicum）,possesses bioactive effects including antioxidant,lipid lowering,anti-inflammatory etc.As sesamol exists blood brain barrier permeability,its neuroprotective effects are attracted much attention in recent years.Numerous literatures indicated that dietary supplementation sesamol could improve energy metabolism via up-regulating lipolysis genes expressions,down-regulating lipogenesis gene expression,and restoring mitochondrial function.It could reverse CNS insulin resistance by stimulating IRS1/AKT signaling.Sesamol attenuated systemic inflammation-induced amyloid beta peptides generation and accumulation,and balancing central cholinergic system via inhibiting NFκB transcriptional pathway and thus improved cognitive defects.Moreover,sesamol supplementation inhibited stress-induced depression by decreasing oxidative stress and restoring serotonin in brain.This review provides references about protective effects of sesamol on various central neural system diseases and the underlying mechanisms,and it is aimed to provide theoretical supports on further neuroprotective effects research of sesamol and other functional food components that possess blood brain barrier permeability.