治疗性水凝胶的研究进展

Advances in therapeutic hydrogels

水凝胶是以水为分散介质的一种交联聚合物,由亲水基和疏水基组成的高分子水合网络,水凝胶的聚合物侧链具有亲水基团,因此能够吸收大量的水,但不溶解,从而保持一定的流体状态。水凝胶具有将生物活性剂嵌入其网络支架中的能力,从而可用于控制治疗剂的释放。另外,水凝胶表面与周围溶液的表面张力低,可以减少溶液中蛋白质的吸附。有机化学、生物工程和纳米技术的发展使治疗性水凝胶得到了很大发展。本文介绍了对该领域最先进的观点,包括生物正交交联方法,多组分水凝胶,刺激响应水凝胶,纳米凝胶。最后,是对这一迅速发展研究领域未来的想法。

Hydrogel is a cross-linked polymer with water as the dispersion medium. The polymer hydrogel is composed of a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group. The polymer side chain of the hydrogel has a hydrophilic group,so it can absorb a large amount of water,but not dissolved,thus maintaining a certain fluid state. Hydrogels have the ability to embed bioactive agents into their network scaffolds and thus can be used to control the release of therapeutic agents. In addition,the surface tension of the hydrogel surface and the surrounding solution is low,and the adsorption of the protein in the solution can be reduced. The development of organic chemistry,bioengineering and nanotechnology has led to the great development of therapeutic hydrogels. This paper presents the most advanced views on the field,including biotrade cross-linking methods,multicomponent hydrogels,stimulated response to hydrogels,and nanogels. Finally,we present the idea of the future of this rapidly developing research field.