水稻紫叶基因定位与性状分析

Genetic Localization and Character Analysis of Purple Leaf Gene in Rice

紫叶稻因其直观的颜色表型在水稻育种工作中具有一定的用途,常用作标记性状,受到遗传研究的关注。本研究利用籼稻紫叶材料PZ10分别于粳稻品种日本晴和Sasanishiki杂交,F1后代表现为绿色,F2代绿色和紫色的分离符合3:1比例,表明紫叶表型受一对隐性基因控制。对该基因进行初步的分子标记定位,发现目标基因位于第4染色体分子标记C3175和C0023之间的6.76 c M区域内;进一步设计SSR和STS引物对该基因精细定位,发现1个紧密连锁的标记C1254,该标记位于C3184与C0523之间;结果分析显示,C1254和C0523与目标的紫叶性状表现共分离,表明紫叶目标基因位于C1254~C0523区域,这个区域约0.5 c M遗传距离。研究显示,该紫叶性状表现为全生育期紫色,可作为一个完全的标记性状使用;紫稻表型株系在株高、穗长、剑叶长、千粒重、单株产量等农艺性状指标上与绿色表型植株没有显著差异,而在有效穗数、剑叶宽、每穗粒数性状与绿叶稻有显著差异,表明紫叶虽然导致产量构成因素有所改变,但对产量影响不显著;此外,紫稻和绿稻植株的光合作用没有显著的差异。

Because of its certain application of purple leaf rice intuitive color phenotype in rice breeding, which often used to mark traits and concerned by genetic research. In present study, the purple leaf material PZ10 was crossed with japonica rice cultivars, Nipponbare and Sasanishiki, and their F1 progenies were green and F23 green：1 purple segregation, which indicated that the purple leaf phenotype was controlled by a pair of recessive genes.This target gene was primarily located in a 6 c M region between molecular markers C3175 and C0023 in chromosome 4. Further design of SSR and STS primers for fine positioning of the gene, a tightly linked mark C1254 was found closely linked with the purple gene. This marker located between C3184 and C0523. The results showed that the C1254 and C0523 were co-segregation with the target gene, therefore, the target gene was located in C1254~C0523 region and this region is about 0.5 c M genetic distance. The study results indicated that the purple leaf trait expressed during whole growth duration, and it could be used as a complete marker. No significant difference presented in agronomic traits such as plant height, panicle length, flag leaf length, 1000-grain weight and single-plant yield between purple and green leaf lines. But significant difference presented in panicle number,flag leaf width, grain number per panicle between them. This indicated that the purple leaves led to the change of the component factors of grain yield, but not affected significantly on grain yield. In addition, there was also nosignificant difference in photosynthesis between the both characters.