豹纹状眼底改变研究进展

Research progression on fundus tessellation

豹纹状眼底改变指在除盘周区域外的眼底后极部透见脉络膜大血管。其原因可能为视网膜色素上皮透见性增加、脉络膜毛细血管层萎缩、脉络膜大血管间色素沉积等。豹纹状眼底改变程度与中心凹下脉络膜厚度呈显著负相关，通过观察豹纹状眼底的改变程度可估计中心凹下脉络膜厚度。此外，豹纹状眼底改变与高度近视眼底病变、原发性开角型青光眼、年龄相关性黄斑变性等疾病相关，其为这些疾病的诊断、鉴别诊断及发病机制的探索提供依据。

Fundus tessellation has been defined as the visibility of large choroidal vessels at the pos- terior fundus pole outside of the peripapillary region. Factors on the increased visibility of the large choroidal vessels in eyes with a marked fundus tessellation may include an increased transparency of the retinal pig- ment epithelium, an reduced filling of the choriocapillaris, an increased pigmentation of the intrachoroidal regions between the large horoidal vessels. Thinner subfoveal choroidal thickness is strongly associated with higher degree of fundus tessellation. Observing fundus tessellation is useful for estimating choroidal thick- ness. Additionally, fundus tessellation is associated with diseases like high myopia, primary open angle glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. Observing fundus tessellation is useful for diagnosis, differ- ential diagnosis and exploring pathogenesis of these eye diseases.