基于因子分析的支气管哮喘急性发作期患者中医证候

TCM Syndromes of Bronchial Asthma at Acute Attack in the Patients Based on Factor Analysis

目的采用因子分析方法探讨支气管哮喘急性发作期中医证候规律,为该病的辨证论治提供依据。方法多中心收集593例哮喘急性期患者,采用因子分析法对其证候信息进行中医证候研究。结果七个公因子的命名如下:F1:痰热郁肺兼血瘀证;F2:痰热郁肺证;F3:风邪犯肺兼表虚证;F4:气虚痰饮伏肺证;F5:风邪犯肺证;F7:脾虚湿盛证;F8:脾肾亏虚证。结论哮喘急性发作期"气滞痰阻"主要病机,强调辨"痰"是哮喘辨证的要点,"卫外不固、风邪引触"是支气管哮喘发作的主要诱因。"肺热"是当代哮喘发作期的重要证候特点。

Objective To explore the rule of TCM syndromes of bronchial asthma at acute attack in the patients based on factor analysis so as to provide the evidences for the differentiation and treatment of the disease. Methods A total of 593 patients of asthma at acute attack were collected from multicenter research institution. The factor analysis method was used to investigate TCM syndromes. Results The seven common factors were： F1 phlegm heat accumulation in the lung and blood stagnation; F2 phlegm heat accumulation in the lung; F3 pathogenic wind invading the lung and exterior deficiency; F4 qi deficiency and phlegm affecting the lung; F5 pathogenic wind invading the lung; F7 spleen deficiency and damp excess; F8 spleen and kidney deficiency. Conclusion The main pathogenesis of asthma at acute attack is qi and phlegm obstruction. The differentiation of phlegm is essential in the identification of asthma. Weakness of defensive qi and invasion of pathogenic wind are the main inducing factors. Lung heat is the major feature of TCM syndrome in asthma at acute attack.