西藏常啼菩萨精进求法本生故事壁画思想意涵考述——以塔波寺杜康殿和托林寺白殿为中心

Research on the Thoughts and Implication of the Tibetan Murals of the Jataka Stories of Sadāprarudita Acquiring Sutras——Centered on the temple of Tabor Dukang and the temple of Tulin

常啼菩萨精进求取般若波罗蜜多经之本生故事在印度、尼泊尔、西藏、中亚以及汉地皆有传存。在西藏,与此相关的壁画遗存不仅见之于西藏西部的塔波寺、托林寺以及后藏地区的白居寺,而且以彩绘形式表现该故事内容情节的抄本插画更是鲜见于西藏各大寺院所藏的大般若经书中。文章基于《般若经》在藏地的翻译、流布及常啼菩萨本生故事内容的考察,通过对不同时代、不同地域常啼菩萨本生故事壁画与经书插图之图像配置和表现形式的分析比对,从图像学的角度来探讨该故事在藏传佛教传承体系中的思想演变与功能意涵。

Jotaka stories which are about how Sadaprarudita acquired As.t.asahasrika Prajnaparamita Sutra were spread and recorded in India, Nepal, Tibet, Central Asia and inland China. In Tibet, the murals depicted the sto- ries are founded in Tapo （ta-pho） Monastery and Toling （mTho-lding） Monastery in western Tibet, as well as Palcho （dpal- ＇ khor-chos-sde） Monastery in Gyantse. What＇ s more, the illuminated manuscripts with painted stories can be seen in the Ast.asaharsika Prajnaparamita Sutras which are collected in the Tibetan monasteries. This article, based on the translation and spread of Ast.asohasrika Prajnaparamita Sutra in Tibet, studies the contents of the Jataka stories of Sadaprarudita. With the method of iconography, this article also discusses the ideological revolutions, functions and significance of the stories in the development of the Tibetan Buddhism through the comparison of the murals and illustrations from different ages and areas.