危机与契机:清朝初期治藏政策演进动因探析

Crisis and Opportunity:Exploration of the Cause of Policy Evolution on the Governance of Tibet during the Early Qing Dynasty

危机与契机是一个事件的两个方面。在清朝初期治藏政策的演进过程中体现尤为明显。清王朝通过对西藏地方一系列危机的积极应对,不断将危机转化为调整和完善治藏政策的契机,逐步实现对西藏地方的有效治理。文章通过对清朝初期西藏地方系列危机的治理及治藏政策演进关系的简单梳理,从清朝大一统思想主导下的边疆治理观念、积极应对危机的态度和注重兼顾清朝中央与西藏地方势力的利益三方面分析了清王朝能够将危机转化为契机的内在动因。

Crisis and opportunity were evidently embodied in particular in the cause the governance of Tibet during the early Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty actively and continuously transformed the crises into opportunities to adjust and better the Tibet, and realized the effective governance of Tibet gradually. Having reorganized of the evolution of policies on dealt with the crises in Tibet policies on the governance of all kinds of crises once existed in the governance of in Tibet and the evolution of the policies on the governance of Tibet, this article aims to analyze the inner factors that the Qing Dynasty was able to transformed the crises into opportunities from three aspects, including the ideas of border governance of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing＇ s active attitude towards the crises, and the Qing taking account of the interest of both the central and local governments.