不同保水抗旱措施对油茶林土壤温度的影响

Responses of soil temperature to different water conservation and drought resistance measures in oil-tea camellia forest

选择不同立地和树龄油茶,以不同覆盖材料和颜色塑料薄膜覆盖,通过正交试验在不同干旱阶段对林地土壤温度进行测定,研究幼龄油茶林夏季有效抗旱措施。结果表明:连续干旱4 d,处理15(上层)、30(下层)cm处土壤温度变化幅度较小,上、下层土壤温度温度变化趋势接近,连续干旱7~10 d,处理间上、下层土壤温度变化幅度均较大,连续干旱13 d,不同处理上层土壤温度变化幅度较缓,下层土壤温度变化幅度较大;下午13:00时,随着干旱时间持续,各种覆盖处理上层处土壤温度有一定下降趋势,干旱10 d后土壤温度略有上升,下层土壤温度变化不明显;连续干旱4 d,不同立地差异对上层土壤温度影响较明显,其次为覆膜,持续干旱7~10 d,覆膜影响权重较大,其次是植物覆盖材料,连续干旱13 d后表现刚好相反;连续干旱4 d,覆膜对下层土壤温度影响较明显,其次是植物覆盖材料,干旱时间超过7 d,覆膜和覆盖植物材料影响程度接近。在红壤区覆盖谷壳和白膜组合、未垦区覆盖白膜及砂砾区覆盖谷壳为油茶夏季持续高温较有效保水抗旱措施。

In order to study the effective drought-resistant measures of young oil-tea camellia forest in summer,the different soils were selected and the different oil and tree age were covered with different covering materials and different color plastic films.The experiment was carried out by orthogonal experiment design,then the soil temperature was measured in different drought stages.The results showed that：The change of soil temperature was small in 15 cm and 30 cm depth when continuous drought for 4 days,The change of the upper and lower soil temperature was larger when continuous drought 7 to 10 days,The change in 15 cm depth soil temperature was small,and the change of soil temperature in 30 cm depth was larger when continuous drought 13 d.At 13：00 pm,the soil temperature decreased at 15 cm depth when drought time lengthening and the soil temperature increased slightly after drought to 10 d,but in 30 cm depth was not obvious;The effects of different site conditions on soil temperature in 15 cm depth were obvious,followed by film when continuous drought for 4 days,but the effect of film was larger,followed by plant cover material when continuous drought for 7-10 d,which was the opposite after continuous drought to 13 d.The effect of film on the soil temperature in 30 cm depth was obvious,followed by plant cover material when continuous drought for 4 d,the effect of film and covering plant material was close when drought time was more than 7 d.In the red soil area cover with husk and white film combination,in not reclamation area covered with white film and in gravel area covered with husk were high effective measures against drought in summer oil-tea camellia forest.