拥有一切权利之公民——对世界主义观念的辨析

Citizens of Everything:The Aporetics of Cosmopolitanism

文章认为当前人类学使用"世界主义者"这一概念时深受民族国家现代概念的影响,存在社会学偏见。文章将通过五个方面(即追溯该术语的古希腊犬儒源头,回顾其在康德哲学中的意义,对比作为外来者的"世界主义者"与"本土者",剖析"新左派"的世界主义实践,以及透视现代犬儒主义)来梳理"世界主义者"的内涵流变,最终建议重返这一概念的本义,重现其作为自我与世界之间关系的本来面目。

This article argues that the use of the concept of＂cosmopolitan＂in current anthropology is deeplyinfluenced by the modern concepts of nation states and there are sociological prejudices. By reviewing the ancientGreek origin of the term and its meaning in Kant＇s philosophy, comparing the alien＂cosmopolitan＂with the＂na-tives＂, and analyzing the cosmopolitanism practice of the＂new left＂and modern cynicism, the article sorts out theconnotation changes of the＂cosmopolitan＂. Its ultimate purpose is to question the sociological bias in current an-thropological usages of the cosmopolitan concept, and to suggest that the time has come to revisit the original mean-ing of the cosmopolitan as a relationship between self and world.