低出生体重儿追赶性生长跨度与儿童期超重肥胖的相关性研究

Correlation study on catch-up growth span in low birth weight infants and overweight or obesity in childhood

目的分析低出生体重儿生长早期体重指数(BMI)增幅跨度与儿童期生长水平及发生超重肥胖的关联度,为指导低出生体重儿适度追赶生长提供科学依据。方法回顾性收集温州市2011年10月-2012年9月期间出生的儿童,将其分为低出生体重组和正常出生体重组进行研究。采集两组儿童满月、1周岁及5周岁时的体重、身长,并分别计算BMI。根据WHO《学龄前儿童生长发育标准》BMI界值点划分BMI分布区间,获取满月至1周岁BMI增幅跨度。分析不同BMI增幅跨度其5周岁时生长水平及超重肥胖发生概率。结果低出生体重组BMI增幅在3个及以上跨度的较正常出生体重组高出近1/4;低出生体重组BMI增幅0个跨度与1~2个跨度之间超重肥胖发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),正常体重组各增幅跨度之间差异均存在统计学意义(P均<0.05);低出生体重儿BMI增幅与生长水平表现出一定的关联性,满月至周岁BMI处于同一区间的其5周岁体重、身高及BMI均未能达到WHO参考中位数,当BMI增幅达到5个及以上跨度时,体重和BMI高出WHO参考中位数,且差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论大多数低出生体重儿较正常出生体重儿生长关键期BMI增幅跨度更大,BMI增幅跨度在1~2个区间的对今后生长及超重肥胖的控制较为有利。

Objective To analyze the relationship between the early growth stage body mass index （BMI） increasing span and the childhood growth overweight or obesity in low birth weight infants,and to provide scientific basis for the rood erate catch-up growth of low birth weight infants. Methods Children born from October 2011 to September 2012 in Wenzhou were selected retrospectively,and were divided into low birth weight group and normal birth weight group. The weight and length datas of two groups of children at the age of one month, 1 year old and 5 years old were collected, then BMI in each stage was calculate respectively. BMI distribution interval was divided according to the BMI boundary value point which from《 Standards for growth and development of preschool children》of WHO,and BMI increasing span from one month to one year old was got and then analyse the overweight or obesity probability when they were 5 years old with different BMI increasing span. Results In low birth weight group infants whose BMI increases over 3 or more spans was nearly 25 % higher than normal birth weight group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of overweight or obesity between the BMI 0 span or 1 - 2 span in the low birth weight group, but there were differences between the normal weight group in each BMI increasing span. A certain correlation was found between BMI growth span and growth level in low birth weight infants,all one-month to one year-old infants＇ body weight,height,and BMI did not reach the median of WHO which that there BMI were in the same interval. Body weight and BMI were higher than WHO reference medians and also had differences when BMI increased to 5 or more spans. Conclusions Compared with normal birth weight infants, more low birth weight infants have a larger increase range of BMI during the critical growth period,BMI growth span in 1-2 intervals is more favorable for controlling growth and overweight or obesity in the future.