2015年阿坝州学龄前儿童体格生长现状分析

Analysis of physical development in preschool children in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in 2015

目的了解阿坝州学龄前儿童生长现状,为改善少数民族地区儿童营养状况提供依据。方法 2015年按整群随机抽样的方法选择阿坝州8个县的城区和乡镇幼儿园,用统一的仪器和方法对4 368名学龄前儿童进行身高、体重、头围和胸围的测量,采用2006年世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐使用的参考标准用Z评分方法,对儿童体格发育及营养状况进行评价。结果在体格测量值方面,大多数年龄组男童的体重、头围、胸围和BMI均大于女童(P<0.05),不同民族在身高、头围、胸围和BMI方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);学龄前儿童的男女童HAZ和女童WAZ总的平均值均为负值。不同民族和不同城乡儿童身高Z评分(HAZ)和体重Z评分(WAZ)差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阿坝州学龄前儿童体格发育水平落后于WHO标准,应加强托幼机构儿童保健工作。

Objective To investigate the growth status of preschool children in Aha Prefecture,and to provide evidence for improving nutritional status of children in minority areas. Methods A total of 4 368 children from the kindergartens of eight counties in Aba Prefecture were enrolled in this study by using stratified and cluster random sampling method in 2015. And the height, weight, head circumference and chest circumference were measured. Results were evaluated according to ref erence standard for WHO （2006） by Z scores. Results Boys＇ weight,head circumference, chest circumference and body mass index（BMI） in most age groups were significantly higher than those of girls（P〈0.05）. The values of height, head circumference,chest circumference and BM1 were significantly different in the nations. Childreffs HAZ （Z-scores of length/ height-for-age） ,and WAZ（Z-scores of weight-for-age ）were negative values in Aba Prefecture. The difference of HAZ and WAZ were statistically significant between the urban and rural areas in different nations（P〈0.05）. Conclusions The physical development status of preschool children in Aba Prefecture still lag behind the WHO standard. Attention should be paid to the health care of the preschool children in the kindergartens.