古建筑屋顶及其装饰元素反映的文化心理特征

Cultural and Psychological Features Reflected in the Roofs and Decorative Elements of Ancient Buildings

中国古代人们崇尚自然,注重与自然高度协调的心理,不仅体现在了建筑材料以及建筑风格上,还体现在屋顶结构与装饰元素上。但屋顶的整个形式不单单只体现在人与自然上,也体现在人与人之间,人与物之间以及封建等级制度等传统社会文化之中。地理位置环境和民俗习惯以及社会文化心理和审美能力决定了建筑屋顶的形式。无论是从审美角度分析还是从社会文化心理学角度分析这都体现了中国古代劳动人民的智慧,而且也形成了中国特有的建筑形式。

Ancient China advocated nature and paid great attention to harmony with nature. It was not only reflected in the building materials and architectural style but also in the roof structure and decorative elements. However, the whole form of the roof was not only reflected in the human and the nature, but also in the traditional social culture such as between people, between people and things and on the feudal level. Geographical location and folk customs as well as social and cultural psychology and aesthetic ability determined the form of the roof of the building. Whether it was from the aesthetic point of view or from the perspective of social-cultural psychology, it reflected not only the wisdom of the working people in ancient China, but also the formation of China＇s unique architectural forms.