末日哀鸿——先秦两汉文学中的亡国叙写

A Study of the Depiction of National Destruction in Literary Works before Qin and in Han Dynasty

先秦两汉时期尤其是秦以前,亡国的数量多,频率高,亡国的悲惨景象在人们心中形成恐怖记忆,投射到文学作品中,表现出恐怖的景象和奇幻的色彩。国家灭亡必然带来和加重个人的不幸,在文学作品中表现为国家灭亡之伤与个人身世之悲的。对于国家灭亡原因和教训的思考,又促进了先秦两汉文学的理性和批叛色彩,彰显了文学的社会价值。

National destruction occurred most frequently before Qin and in Han Dynasty, whose miserable scenes left behind scary memories on the people and frightening and magic traces on the literary works. The destruction brought and aggravated misfortune to the people, saddening the state as well as the nationals as described in the literature. The thinking of the causes of each national destruction along with the lessons learned caused the literary works to be more rational and critical, reflecting the social values of the literary works in that period of time.