迁地保育林麝行为多样性及影响因素研究

Behavioral Diversity and Influencing Factors in Captive Forest Musk Deer(Moschus berezovskii)

2016年6月和7月,运用焦点取样法和连续记录法,对四川省马尔康林麝繁育中心的圈养林麝进行了行为取样,计算了行为多样性指数,并且分析了林麝的性别、年龄、繁殖成效和麝香分泌等因素与其行为多样性指数的关系。结果表明:四川马尔康麝场圈养林麝雌麝的行为多样性(r=0.29±0.012,n=175)略高于雄麝(r=0.26±0.016,n=94),差异不显著(P>0.05);个体圈养年限的年龄对其行为多样性影响不显著(P>0.05);繁殖失败雌麝的行为多样性(r=0.33±0.035,n=13)大于繁殖成功雌麝(r=0.28±0.053,n=14),差异不显著(P>0.05);雄麝的麝香分泌量与其行为多样性相关不显著(P>0.05)。开展迁地保育林麝行为多样性及影响因素研究,为进一步提高濒危林麝人工驯养、迁地保育技术措施提供了重要的基础数据和理论依据。

Focal sampling and continuous recording methods were used to collect the behavior of captive forest musk deer at Maerkang Musk Deer Farm （MMDF）, Sichuan Province in June and July, 2016.Calculated the behavioral diversity index, and analyzed the effects of gender, age, breeding success, the musk secretion quantity and other factors on the behavioral diversity. Results indicated that female behavioral diversity （r=0.29±0.012, n=175） was slightly higher than that of male （r=0.26±0.016, n=94）, but the difference was not sig- nificant （P 〉 0.05）. Behavioral diversity of forest musk deer was not significantly reduced with age increasing （also directly reflect the captive time） （P 〉 0.05）. Behavioral diversity of reproductive failure females （r=0.33±0.035, n=l 3） was not significant higher than that of reproductive success females （r=0.28±0.053, n=14） （P 〉 0.05）. By examining the musk secretion data, it was found that males beha- vioral diversity cannot reflect its musk secretion （P 〉 0.05）. Through the research on the relationship of gender, age and other factors on behavioral diversity of forest musk deer, related results will be contributed to the success of domestication, conservation and sustainable utilization of the endangered musk deer.