对“数据流动”的治理——论政府数据治理的理论嬗变与框架

Governance of “Flows of Data”: Theory Development and Framework of Government Data Governance

数据被视为这个时代的核心资源,数据治理成为政府治理中的重要议题。作为连接技术创新与政府治理的分析框架,电子政务等技术驱动的"电子"理论无法为以"数据流动"为特征的新现象、新工具、新问题提供社会理论支持,需要建立数据驱动的理论视角。本文基于卡斯特尔"流动空间"理论将"数据流动"划分为数字机器、应用系统、数据网络和信息空间四个层次。研究发现,该框架可以为理解现有数据治理政策提供新的视角和分类框架,同时也为数据驱动的新议题和技术驱动的传统议题之间提供相互连通的理论基点和实践路径。

Data is deemed to be the core resource of this era and data governance has become an important topic in government governance. As an analysis framework connecting technology innovation and government governance,the traditional ＂electronic＂theories which are driven by technology,e. g. E-government,have not been able to provide social theory for the new phenomena,new tools and new problems which are centered with ＂data flows＂. This paper will review Professor Manuel Castle＇s theory of＂the space of flows＂and try to propose a structural framework of＂flows of data＂,which is divided to four levels,i. e. digital machine,application system,data network and information space. The study found that this framework can provide a new perspective to enhance understanding of the existing policies of data governance,but also provides a general theoretical basis and governance path connected to emerging data-driven issues and traditional technology-driven issues.