热灾害环境对形状记忆消防服面料防护性能的影响

Effect of Thermal Hazards on the Thermal Protection of Fabrics Used in Firefighters' Protective Clothing Incorporated with Shape Memory Alloy

消防员或应急救援人员需要穿着特定的热防护服以保障人身安全。在防水透气层与舒适层之间设置若干形状记忆合金弹簧,构筑动态隔热消防服面料组合。采用热平板仪和热防护性能测试仪分别模拟高温热接触和低辐射热灾害,测量分布于各面料层间的温度。对处于两种不同环境下的形状记忆合金弹簧形成的空气层对热防护织物的动态隔热作用进行分析比较,发现采用一个弹簧正中排列及3个弹簧对角线放置的隔热效果最为显著,可适用于两种热环境。研究结果可为优化形状记忆合金弹簧排布方式从而设计性能优越的智能消防服提供科学依据。

Firefighters or emergency rescue people need to wear specific thermal protective clothing to ensure their safety. Several shape memory alloy springs were incorporated between moisture barrier and thermal inner layer to develop firefighters＇ protective fabric combinations with dynamic protective performance. A hot surface contact and low radiant heat was simulated by a hot-guarded plate and thermal protective performance tester respectively. The surface temperatures between layers were recorded. The difference effects of air gap provided by the shape memory alloy （SMA） springs on the fabric thermal performance in different thermal hazards were analyzed. The results indicate that SMA springs show effective benefits in dynamic thermal insulating property, and the effect is related to the thermal hazard. Moreover, the arrangement of One and Three_ diag provides best protective performance in both thermal environments. The research findings may be helpful to engineer optimized arrangement of SMA springs and develop high performance smart firefighters＇ protective clothing.