从中琉关系变迁看东亚国际法秩序的嬗变

The Evolvement of the Order of International Law in East Asia——From the View of the Transitions of China-Ryukyu Relations

通过对于明清两代中琉两国交往情况的梳理与回顾,可以比较直观地看到东亚地区不同于西方模式的传统国际法秩序的体系是如何长期维持并有效运作的,以及这一模式的维持与运作背后的巨大经济利益与国家安全动因。而日本入侵导致琉球的覆亡,作为东亚地区新旧国际法秩序嬗变的重要节点,宣示了传统的中国中心的封贡体系的国际法秩序终于开始崩溃;中华文化圈内的各国在历史的因缘际会中终于被裹挟进入了西方近代殖民主义的国际法新秩序当中。在这个过程中,可以看到日本是如何积极融入,并充分运用这一新的国际法秩序,实现其称霸东亚的野心;而中国又是如何因应这种变局,由颟顸懵懂的错愕到被迫无奈的适应的转变。回顾东亚地区新旧国际法秩序的嬗变历程,对于解决目前国际关系的一些纷扰,改良甚至是重构一个更为合理的国际法秩序具有重要的史鉴意义。

By reviewing the past of China-Ryukyu communication in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,we can clearly see how the traditional international legal order,which is totally different from nowadays＇ western mode,effectively works in East Asia.What＇s more,we can also indicate the huge economic benefits and national security concerns at the back of this kind of international legal order.Ryukyu＇s overturn,coursed by Japan＇s invasion,as the key point of the transition of the international legal order in East Asia,declared that the traditional international legal system which is China centered was going collapsing.All the nations in Chinese cultural circle were forced to enter the newer international legal order which is belonging to western colonial system by the trend of history.