垃圾渗滤液中腐植酸的提取研究

Study of the Extraction of Humic Acid from Landfill Leachate

采用"NF-两级物料膜-RO"的组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液,得到膜浓缩液,再从膜浓缩液中提取两种腐植酸样品HA(Ⅰ)、HA(Ⅱ),然后对其进行了含量分析、结构分析和吸附性能研究。结果表明,样品HA(Ⅰ)中的总腐植酸含量为73.34%,游离腐植酸含量为71.12%,样品HA(Ⅱ)中黄腐酸的含量高达13.18%。两种样品中均含有较多的羧基、羰基、羟基等含氧官能团和芳烃类物质以及少量的氯化物。在25℃搅拌的条件下,腐植酸对重金属Cu^(2+)有较好的吸附效果,吸附60 min后,Cu^(2+)的去除率已达到68.4%,且在30 min时腐植酸对Cu^(2+)的吸附就已经达到饱和,说明腐植酸对Cu^(2+)的吸附速度较快。

The combination process of nanofiltration-two stage membrane material-reverse osmosis was used for treat- ing landfill leachate. Two kinds of humic acid samples HA （I） and HA （II） were extracted from the concentrate to in- vestigate the content, structure and adsorption performance in humic acid. The results showed that the content of total humic acid and free humic acid in sample HA （I） was 73.34% and 71.12%, respectively. The content of fulvic acid in sample HA （II） reached up to 13.18%. Two kinds of samples contained more carboxyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl and other oxygen-containing functional groups, aromatic substances, and a small amount of chloride. Under the condition of stir- ring at 25 ℃, humic acid on copper ions had good adsorption effect, the removal rate of copper ions had reached up to 68.4% after 60 minutes. The adsorption to copper ions was saturated at 30 minutes, indicating that the adsorption rate of humic acid on copper ions was faster.