重庆市统筹城乡发展试点区中学生心理健康状况及与生活事件的关系

Relationship between psychological health status and life events in middle school students in Chongqing urban and rural development pilot areas

目的 了解重庆市统筹城乡试点区内中学生的心理健康状况及与生活事件的关系.方法 采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取重庆市统筹城乡试点区内的951名中学生作为调查对象,采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）、青少年生活事件量表（ASLEC）作为调查工具,评估研究对象的心理健康水平,以及不同性别、年龄的差异,并分析影响SCL-90评分的因素.结果 （1）SCL-90筛查阳性者共612人（64.30％）.强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执等因子上出现心理问题的中学生较多.（2）女中学生SCL-90的各个因子得分均高于男中学生（P〈0.05）.（3）年龄≥16岁以上的中学生SCL-90中的强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、精神病性因子得分高于年龄〈16岁的中学生（P〈0.05）.（4）SCL-90筛查阳性中学生的ASLEC各因子得分均高于SCL-90筛查阴性的中学生（P〈0.01）.（5）逐步回归分析显示：影响研究对象SCL-90评分的主要因素按回归贡献大小排序,排在前两位的分别为ASLEC总分及该量表的受惩罚分.结论 重庆市统筹城乡试点区内中学生的心理健康状况不容忽视,负性生活事件对中学生的心理健康状况有预测作用.

Objective To understand the relationship between the psychological health status and life events in middle school students in Chongqing urban and rural development pilot areas.Methods A total of 951 middle school students in Chongqing urban and rural development experimental areas were extracted using stratified random chester sampling method. Symptom Checklist（SCL-90） and Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check-list（ASLEC） were applied to evaluate the research objects＇ psychological status and the difference among different genders and ages, so as to analysis the factors influencing the results of SCL-90.Results Totally 612 middle school students were detected positive, accounting for 64.30% of the whole estimated. Mental problems often arose in middle school students included compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, paranoia and so on. Each factor score in SCL-90 of middle school girls were higher than those of boys （P〈0.05）. Compared with those who were less than 16 years old students, the scores of obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and psychosis in SCL-90 in middle school students who were 16 years and older were higher, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Each factor score of ASLEC in SCL-90 screening positive middle school students was higher than that in SCL-90 screening negative students, and the difference was significant（P〈0.01）. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that the top two main factors affecting middle school students＇ SCL-90 scores in urban and rural development experimental areas sorted by regression contribution were ASLEC total scores and ASLEC penalty scores.Conclusions Middle school students＇ mental health status in Chongqing urban and rural development experimental areas cannot be ignored, and negative life events have a predictable impact on middle school students＇ mental health status.