从“贻害无穷”到“民命国脉”——近代中国人铁路认知历程分析

From “Endless Troubles” to “National Life”——An Analysis of Modern Chinese People's Cognition of Railway

铁路是近代文明成果。近代中国人对铁路的认知经历了从"贻害无穷"到"利国利民之大端"再到将铁路视为"民命国脉"的天翻地覆的转变过程。这一从高度排拒到高度肯定的过程,反映了国人对现代科技认知接纳的基本过程。不过由于铁路具有巨大的疆域联通能力,在主权不完全独立的近代中国,铁路的修筑与外国势力的渗透如影随形,因此国人对铁路的认知接纳过程又与反侵略深刻地交织在一起。

Railway-is-the-achievement-of-modern-civilization.-The-cognition-of-the-railway-in-modern-times-has-gone-a-turning-upside-down-process-from-＂endless-troubles-＂-to-＂the-great-benefits-to-the-country-and-the-people＂to-regarding-the-railway-as-＂national-life＂.-This-process,from-high-rejection-to-high-affirmation,-reflects-the-basic-process-of-Chinese-people＇s-acceptance-of-modern-science-and-technology.-The-construction-of-the-railway-and-the-infiltration-of-foreign-forces-are-inseparable-in-modern-China-where-sovereignty-was-not-completely-independent-since-the-railway-has-a-huge-capacity-to-connect-territory.-Therefore,the-cognition-acceptance-process-of-the-railway-is-deeply-interwoven-with-the-antiaggression.