基于关联分析对《伤寒杂病论》中炙甘草配伍规律的研究

Study on Compatibility Rule of Zhigancao in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases Based on Correlation Analysis

目的 ：从四气五味角度探究炙甘草作为佐使药的一般配伍规律。方法 ：按规则筛选《伤寒杂病论》中的方剂建立数据库,并录入相关信息,采用频数分析与关联计算方法进行数据挖掘。结果：共筛选224首方,按功效分为15类。方剂药味数与炙甘草配伍关联分析可见置信度与规则前项药味数成正相关。四气配伍中有效规则为{寒热并用}→{炙甘草},支持度56.70%,置信度51.18%。五味配伍数与炙甘草配伍关联分析可见置信度与规则前项五味配伍数成正相关,有效关联规则属于解表、和解、理血、理气、温里、祛湿六个类别。结论：总结出4条炙甘草与四气五味相关联的配伍规律,即四气五味配伍越复杂,配伍炙甘草可能性越大;辛甘化阳、酸甘化阴为重要配伍原则;入中斡旋为调畅气机时的配伍重要原则;无药势影响下可配伍以护胃安中。

Objective ：To explore the general compatibility rule of Zhigancao（Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma praeparata cum melle） based on the four properties and five tastes. Methods：According to the rules of the selection,formulas in the Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases were selected to build a database,and the related information was input into the database. Then the frequency analysis and association were conducted for data excavation. Results：There were 224 formula included,which were divided into 15 categories according to their efficacy. The correlation analysis on the number of the herbs and Zhigancao indicated that the confidence was positively correlated with the number of herbs in the antecedent. The effective rule in the four properties compatibility is {cold and hot in combination} →{Zhigancao},with the support of56.70% and confidence of 51.18%. The correlation analysis on the compatibility of five tastes and zhi gao cao indicated that confidence was positively correlated with five tastes compatibility in the antecedent. The effective correlation rules pertain to releasing the exterior,harmonizing,regulating blood,regulating qi,warming interior and removing dampness,totally six categories. Conclusion：It is concluded that there are 4 compatibility rules of Zhigancao correlating with the four properties and five tastes,that is,the more complex of the four properties and the five tastes,the more likely Zhigancao is to be used. Pungency and sweetness transforming into yang and sourness and sweetness transforming into yin is an important compatibility principle.Zhigancao entering the middle to harmonize qi movement also is an important compatibility rule. Without the influence of other herbs,Zhigancao can be used to protect the stomach and harmonize the middle.