奶牛发情行为的监测研究现状及进展

A review of research on monitoring the oestrus behavior of dairy cows

为了适应较大规模、集约化奶牛养殖的需求,提高奶牛的繁殖率和奶牛场的经济效益,本文就国内外奶牛发情行为监测的方法进行了评述。人工观察监测奶牛发情的方法耗时长,工作量大,而且对于夜间发情奶牛的适用性受限制,会出现较大比例的漏检等弊端;数字化检测方法日益发展,在提高工作效率的同时也增加了经济效益,但是部分数字化监测方法不够完善和成熟,例如,接触式测量会影响奶牛的发育。因此,需要进一步统计准确的数据,通过非接触式的检测装置及技术判定奶牛的发情行为。

In order to meet the requirement of large-scale,intensive dairy farming,and increase the reproduction rate and the economic benefits of dairy cows,this paper reviews the methods of monitoring the oestrus behavior of cows at home and abroad. The monitoring method of human observation is time-consuming,takes great effort,and is hardly workable at night; therefore,failure in detecting part of the cases is unavoidable. To solve this problem,the digital detection technique has been developed,improving the monitoring efficiency and the economic benefit. However,this technique is not perfect. For example,contact detecting has negative effect on cow development. Therefore,more accurate data collection is necessary to develop non-contact detection devices and technology for more favorable monitoring of estrus behavior in cows.