下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴与PTSD性别差异的关系

The relationship between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and gender differences of posttraumatic stress disorder

本课题组的研究发现,PTSD患者在应激事件后的表现主要在脑部结构的变化。应激反应对下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(HPA)的影响最具有相关性,应激状态下,释放促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素、促肾上腺皮质激素和糖皮质激素,通过负向作用调节HPA轴的改变。海马是调节HPA轴最重要的上游脑区,而盐皮质激素受体(MR)和糖皮质激素受体(GR)在应激事件下的变化是调节海马神经元最重要的指标。因为MR和GR在应激状态下的变化具有性别差异,女性GR下降程度明显高于男性,MR的变化更能减少PTSD的发病率。因此,本综述通过对应激状态下MR、GR两个受体在雌雄动物模型表达变化差异的研究,揭示了PTSD性别差异与HPA轴的关系。

The change of brain structure is main performance of PTSD（posttraumatic stress disorder） patient after the stress event. Because the stress response is most relevant to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis（HPA）, CRH（corticotropin releasing hormone） and ACTH （adrenocorticotropic hormone） and GC（glucoticold） control the change of HPA axis in reverse regulation under stress condition. The hippocampal neurons are the most important upstream brain region of adjusting HPA axis, as MR（mineralocorticoid receptor） and GR（glucocorticoid receptor） are two of the most important receptors of hippocampal neurons. The variety of MR and GR has gender differences under stress condition, GR decrease in female is significantly higher than that in male, and MR changes can reduce the rate of PTSD incidence as well. Therefore, this review disscusses the difference of MR and GR receptors in male and female animal models, in order to reveal the relationship between PTSD gender difference and HPA axis.