孕晚期妇女睡眠现状及其相关因素研究

Study on sleep status and related factors in women at late pregnancy

目的通过建立出生队列研究孕晚期妇女睡眠现状并分析其相关因素。方法 2012年8月至2013年7月,在上海浦东新区仁济医院招募260位孕晚期妇女入组。采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数调查表(PSQI)来评估孕晚期妇女睡眠情况,采用状态特质焦虑量表(STAI)和流调中心抑郁量表(CES-D)评估孕晚期妇女焦虑和抑郁状况,并分析影响孕晚期妇女睡眠状况的相关因素。结果孕晚期妇女PSQI平均得分为5.56±2.69,其中睡眠质量差(PSQI总分>5)的发生率为42.9%;平均入睡潜伏期为22.48±17.07分钟,其中睡眠潜伏期≥30分钟的比例为34.3%;睡眠时间为7.84±1.21小时,其中睡眠时间<7小时的比例为16.2%;在床时间为9.51±1.09小时;睡眠效率为83.25%±12.08%,其中睡眠效率<85%的比例为47.0%。孕晚期妇女情绪状态与其睡眠质量显著相关,存在抑郁问题的孕妇发生睡眠质量差的风险是非抑郁妇女的3.362倍(OR=3.362,95%CI:1.334~8.474),存在状态焦虑的妇女发生睡眠潜伏期长的风险是非状态焦虑妇女的3.943倍(OR=3.943,95%CI:1.075~14.468)。结论孕晚期妇女睡眠质量较差,这与孕妇本身的情绪状态密切相关。在产前检查时,相关医护人员应密切关注并积极改善孕晚期妇女的情绪状态,从而改善孕妇睡眠质量。

Objective To study the sleep status and related factors in women at late pregnancy by establishing a birth cohort.Methods A total of 260 healthy women at late pregnancy in Renji Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area during August 2012 to July 2013 were recruited in this study.Sleep status in the women at late pregnancy was evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI）,and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory（STAI）and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale（CES-D）were adopted to evaluate the anxiety and depression status in women at late pregnancy.Related factors influencing the sleep status were analyzed.Results The average PSQI score of women at late pregnancy was 5.56±2.69,and the incidence of poor sleep quality（PSQI score5）was 42.9%.The mean sleep latency of them was 22.48±17.07 minutes,and that of 34.3% cases was not less than 30 minutes.The sleep time of women at late pregnancy was 7.84±1.21 hours,and 16.2% of cases had sleep time less than 7 hours.The bed time was 9.51＋1.09 hours,and sleep efficiency was 83.25% ±12.08%.There were 47.0% cases with sleep efficiency less than 85%.The sleep quality of women at late pregnancy was significantly related to their emotional state.The risk of poor sleep quality in pregnant women with depressive problem was 3.362 times as much as that of women without depressive problem（OR=3.362,95%CI：1.334-8.474）,and the risk of prolonged sleep latency in women with state anxiety was 3.943 times as much as that of women without state anxiety（OR=3.943,95%CI：1.075-14.468）.Conclusion Women at late pregnancy are of poor sleep quality,which is closely related to the emotional state of themselves.Therefore,in prenatal checkups,health care providers should pay attention to maternal emotion status of women at late pregnancy and help them to improve sleep quality.