北京友谊医院2015-2017年门诊腹泻病例A群轮状病毒特征分析

Characteristics of group A rotavirus in the outpatient diarrhea cases in Beijing Friendship Hospital from 2015 to 2017

目的 了解北京地区儿科门诊腹泻患儿A群轮状病毒流行特征.方法 收集北京友谊医院2015年5月至2017年5月腹泻患儿粪便标本,采用A群轮状病毒检测试剂盒（胶体金法）筛选A群轮状病毒阳性标本,分析A群轮状病毒在不同时间、不同年龄组腹泻患儿中阳性构成比、检出率、采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）方法分析基因型分布.结果 1813例儿童腹泻病例中,319例阳性,占17.6％;1～2岁儿童阳性检出率最高（27.2％）;6月龄至12月龄组与2～3岁年龄组检出率次之,分别为17.5％与16.7％.最小检出年龄12 d,最大检出年龄12岁.2月份A群轮状病毒阳性占比最高,为24.5％,6月份最低,为1.2％.A群轮状病毒常见基因型为G9 P[8]（55.5％）、G1P[8]（22.6％）和G3P[8]（9.7％）.结论 轮状病毒是北京地区5岁以下儿童腹泻的常见病原体,G9P[8]为主要流行株,轮状病毒腹泻呈现明显的时间流行特征.

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of group A rotavirus diarrhea in pediatric outpatients in Beijing.Methods Data of children with diarrhea and their stool specimens were collected from Beijing Friendship Hospital from May 2015 to May 2017;group A rotavirus detection kit （colloidal gold） was used for screening of group A rotavirus positive specimens.Reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） was used to analyze the genotype distribution.Results Of the 1813 cases of children with diarrhea,319 were positive for rotavirus A,accounting for 17.6％;Positive rate of 12 years old children was the highest （27.2％）.Six months to 12 months age group and 2 ～-3 years of age group had the highest detection rate （17.5％ and 16.7％,respectively）.Minimum age of positive detection was 12 days,the highest age of positive detection was 12 years.In February,group A rotavirus had the highest positive proportion,24.5％,and the lowest was seen in June,1.2％.The most common genotype of GroupArotaviruswasG9 P [8] （55.5％）,G1P [8] （22.6％） and G3P [8] （9.7％）.Conclusions Rotavirus is the common pathogens of diarrhea in children under the age of five years in Beijing,the main epidemic strains were of G9P [8] genotype,rotavirus diarrhea has obvious time-specific characteristics.