3种常用防腐剂对秀丽隐杆线虫毒性作用的研究

Toxic effects of 3 kinds of common preservatives on Caenorhabditis elegans

目的研究苯甲酸钠、山梨酸钾、尼泊金甲酯3种常用防腐剂在食品常规剂量下对秀丽线虫的毒性作用。方法分别用1 g/L山梨酸钾、1 g/L苯甲酸钠、0.25 g/L尼泊金甲酯处理秀丽线虫24、48、72 h,观察秀丽线虫身体弯曲频率、头部摆动频率、触碰反应及体长;同时观察各组线虫的后代数目和寿命。结果 3种防腐剂均能显著降低线虫的生殖能力(P<0.01)及线虫头部摆动频率(山梨酸钾作用24、48 h,P<0.01;尼泊金甲酯和苯甲酸钠作用24、48、72 h,P<0.01)。尼泊金甲酯能够显著降低线虫身体弯曲频率(作用48、72 h,P<0.05)。尼泊金甲酯作用72 h,苯甲酸钠作用48、72 h后,线虫触碰反应迟钝(P<0.05)。山梨酸钾作用24 h时线虫体长增加(P<0.05),作用72 h时线虫体长减少(P<0.05);尼泊金甲酯作用24、48 h时线虫体长增加(P<0.05),但其效果随作用时间的增加而减弱;苯甲酸钠作用72 h时明显抑制线虫的体长发育(P<0.05)。3种防腐剂的长期作用对线虫寿命无显著性影响。结论常规剂量的苯甲酸钠、山梨酸钾、尼泊金甲酯对秀丽线虫有一定的生殖毒性和神经毒性。

Objective To study the toxic effect of 3 kinds of common preservatives sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, and methyl paraben on Caenorhabditis elegans （C. e[egans） at conventional dose. Methods The body bending frequency, head swing frequency, touch reaction and body length of C. elegans were observed with potassium sorbate 1 g/L, sodium benzoate 1 g/L, methyl paraben 0.25 g/L for 24, 48, 72 h. At the same time, the number and longevity of the descendants of the C. elegans were observed. Results The 3 preservatives significantly reduced the reproductive ability of C. elegans （P〈0.01） and the frequency of the head swing （the treatment time of potassium sorbate was 24, 48 h, P〈0.01; the treatment time of methyl paraben and sodium benzoate was 24, 48, 72 h, P〈0.01）. Methyl paraben reduced the body bending frequency of C. elegans （P〈0.05） when the treatment time was 48, 72 h （P〈0.05）. After the treatment of methyl paraben 72 h, sodium benzoate 48, 72 h, the contact reaction of C. elegans was slow （P〈0.05）. The body length of C.elegans increased at 24 h （P〈0.05） and decreased at 72 h （P〈0.05） when treated with potassium sorbate. Methyl paraben increased the length of C. elegans when the treatment time was 24, 48 h （P〈0.05）, but the effect decreased with the increase of time. Sodium benzoate inhibited the length of C. elegans when the treatment time was 72 h （P〈0.05）. The long-term treatment of 3 preservatives had no significant effect on the lifespan of C. elegans. Conclusion The 3 preservatives have certain reproductive toxicity and neurotoxicity to C. elegans at conventional dose.