刑法分则中罪后行为对刑事责任的减免

The Sentence Reductions for Acts after the Crime in Specific Provisions of Criminal Law

我国刑法分则、司法解释中存在大量关于罪后行为对刑事责任减免的规定．现有规定存在如下问题：随意性且减免理由与标准不明确、未遵循同类规则、部分规定背离罪刑法定与罪刑均衡。必须在坚持刑法基本原则和刑法谦抑的前提下，通过对罪后行为的类型划分析，加强规则设置及解释适用中的说理。应对部分现有规定进行重新解释，同时，立法上应做到：在刑法总则中肯定罪后行为对刑事责任的减免、结合犯罪的轻重进行区别化的罪后减免、对因罪后行为避免了严重后果的应明确规定减轻或免除处罚、修正现有的减免幅度过大的部分规定。

There are a large number of sentence reductions for acts after the crime in specific provisions of criminal law as well as judicial interpretation：the rule setting is too casual and indeterminate, no following the same rules, moreover, some of them have breached the principle of statutory crime as well as the principle of crime and punishment accordance. It＇ s essential to observe the fundamental principle of criminal law and＂ ultima ratio of penalty＂, on this basis, to analysis the types of acts after the crime and argue the rule setting in adequacy. Specifically, reinterpret current provisions, in addition, revise legislation：put sentence reductions for acts after the crime in general provisions of criminal law; match the severity of the crime; give a mitigated punishment or be exempted from punishment if the criminal mitigate or exempt eliminate the danger to avoid real harm results occur;restrict irrational reductions.