关于防范冤假错案的长效机制研究

Studying of structing a long-term mechanism to prevent misjudged cases

冤假错案是对人的生命、健康和自由的严重侵犯．因此历来为社会所关注。在我国冤假错案的发生，其原因是多方面的．例如，司法作风不正、工作马虎、责任心不强以及追求不正确的政绩观．包括破案率、批捕率、起诉率、定罪率等都可能导致冤假错案的发生。因此．为了避免冤假错案的发生，我们必须建立防范冤假错案的长效机制，坚持“以人为本”的科学发展观，对冤假错案必须持零容忍态度，严禁采用刑讯逼供等非法手段办案，严禁公检法“三家”串通办案，从而实现个案公正．坚持入罪甄别制度，严防以“假事实”进行定罪；坚持无罪推定原则，赋予犯罪嫌疑人以沉默权，切实维护律师的合法权益，将冤假错案消灭于萌芽状态。对冤假错案承办人必须实行错案追究和严格问责，建立国家最高司法机关巡回督查制度，在我国现行刑法中增设“栽赃陷害罪”。

The existing of misjudged cases severely violated the human right of life, freedom and health, therefore is always concerned by society. The reason of appearing the misjudged cases in our country lays varies, such as the unstraightly judicial style; careless working; poor sense of responsibility, and distorted pursuit of the achievements view including arrest rate; charged rate; conviction rate and so on, may lead to the happening of the wrongs. Therefore, in order to avoid the happening of the wrongs, we must building a long-term mechanism, do adhere to the scientific concept of development based on the people-centered. Stick to the zero tolerance standpoint to the wrongs, forbidden to use torture and other illegal measures in cases, eradicated dealing with cases by the collusion of the Public Security Bureau, the Procuratorate, and the Court. , so to achieve individual justice. Adhere to the screening system in conviction, preventing the conviction based on the false facts, adhere to the principle of presumption of innocence, ensure the criminal suspect to the silence right, earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of lawyers. Eradicated the wrongs in the bud, Implement strictly investigated and accountability for the appearing of wrongs, establishing the highest judicial organ circuit inspection system, adding ＂the crime of frame up＂ in the current criminal law in our country.