汽车塑料保险杠蒙皮多目标拓扑优化

Multi-objective topology optimization of automobile plastic bumper skin

为实现汽车保险杠蒙皮的轻量化设计,综合考虑动静态特性,将多目标拓扑优化的方法引入保险杠的结构设计中。为实现保险杠蒙皮的多目标拓扑优化,应用折衷规划法建立了保险杠蒙皮多目标拓扑优化数学模型,采用平均频率法建立了动态振动频率数学模型,进行了多目标拓扑优化。根据优化结果得到了材料的理想分布,结合塑料件薄壁化技术采用局部区域变薄的方式减少材料用量达到轻量化的目的。结果表明：局部区域变薄的保险杠的刚度和固有频率均明显优于保险杠整体壁厚变薄,最终得到了同时满足刚度和低阶振动频率最高的保险杠蒙皮局部区域厚度变薄结构。

To achieve lightening design of automobile bumper skin,considering dynamic and static characteristics,multi-objective topology optimization was applied to bumper structure design. To achieve multi-objective topology optimization of bumper skin,compromise programming method and average frequency method were used to establish multi-objective topology optimization mathematics model and dynamic vibration frequency mathematics model of bumper skin respectively,and multi-objective topology optimization was conducted. The ideal distribution of the material was achieved according to the optimization results,thin-walled technology of plastic parts was combined with the way of local area thinning to reduce material dosage and reach the purpose of lightening. The results show that the stiffness and natural frequency of local thinning bumpers are significantly better than that of the overall thinning of the bumper wall thickness. Finally,the local area thickness thinning structure of bumper skin which satisfies the stiffness and low vibration frequencies simultaneously is obtained.