高乌头不同溶剂萃取部分急性毒性的谱—毒关系研究

Spectrum and toxicity relationship of different extracts of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai on acute toxicity

目的阐明高乌头不同溶剂萃取部分的指纹图谱特征峰所代表的化学成分,及其对急性毒性贡献的大小。方法用系统溶剂法对高乌头95%乙醇提取物进行萃取,依次得到石油醚、三氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、乙醇和水提6个不同的溶剂萃取部分,用HPLC法建立高乌头不同溶剂萃取部分的指纹图谱,用测定半数致死量(LD_(50))和最大给药量的方法对高乌头不同溶剂萃取部分的急性毒性进行比较研究,用灰关联分析法建立其谱-毒关系。结果建立了高乌头不同溶剂萃取部分的指纹图谱。高乌头的毒性成分不只是高乌甲素,其他二萜类生物碱的贡献也是不可忽视,各特征峰所代表的化学成分对其毒性贡献大小的顺序(按特征峰编号)为X_(13)>X_(14)>X_(12)>X_6>X_2>X_9>X_5>X_4。结论所构建的高乌头不同溶剂萃取部分指纹图谱方法简单,重复性好,可为高乌头质量评价提供参考。不同溶剂萃取部分指纹图谱与其急性毒性之间有一定的对应关系,可以为高乌头的毒性物质基础研究提供参考。

Objective To clarify the contribution of the fingerprint peaks from different extracts of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai（ ASN） to the acute toxicity,and to reflect the material basis. Methods The experimental drugs（ petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,butanol,alcohol and water extracts） were obtained by the means of systematic solvent extraction from the 95% ethanol extract of ASN,The HPLC fingerprints of different extracts of ASN were established. The acute toxicity of different extracts in mice were carried out by the way of measuring the median lethal dose（ LD50） and maximum dose. The relationship between spectrum and toxicity was established by gray relational analysis. Results The fingerprints of different extracts of ASN were established. The acute toxicity was not characterized only by Lappacontine（ LAP）,and the contribution of other diterpenoid alkaloids should not be neglected,the contribution of different peaks to toxicity was ranked as X13〉X14〉X（12）〉X6〉X2〉X9〉X5〉X4. Conclusion The established HPLC method for fingerprints of different extracts of ASN is simple and repeatable. The relationship between the fingerprints of different extracts and the acute toxicity is paralleled to some extent. And this will lay a foundation for the research of toxicity mechanism of ASN.