乳腺癌患者化疗药物不良反应情况及影响因素分析

Influence factors of chemotherapy toxicities in breast cancer patients

目的分析乳腺癌化疗药物所致药物不良反应的影响因素。方法随访调查北京大学第一医院2015-08-10—2017-03-31乳腺癌患者化疗药物不良反应情况,并对化疗患者的年龄、化疗方案等进行统计和分析。结果本研究纳入260例患者进行分析,其中男性1名,女性259名,平均年龄(51.33±10.99)岁;乳腺癌化疗后常见药物不良反应包括恶心(67.69%)、呕吐(36.15%)、白细胞计数减少(66.54%)、中性粒细胞计数减少(66.54%)、贫血(57.69%)、疲劳(53.85%)、味觉障碍(40.77%)等。化疗方案对恶心、呕吐、神经毒性、骨髓抑制等有显著影响(均P<0.05)。结论化疗方案对药物不良反应有显著影响,在化疗方案制定时应注意根据患者发生恶心、呕吐、神经毒性、骨髓抑制等情况风险对治疗方案与剂量做适当调整,做到个体化给药。

Objective To investige the adverse drug reactions of breast cancer patients in the First Hospital of Peking University,and evaluate the factors that may have impacts on adverse drug reactions caused by chemotherapy drugs of breast cancer,and to establish the working mode of individualized medication based on the investigation. Methods Follow-up survey of chemotherapy toxicities caused by chemotherapy drugs of breast cancer patients in the First Hospital of Peking University from August 10,2015 to March 31,2017 was conducted; factors such as age,chemotherapy regimen of the breast were statistically analyzed. Results We selected 260 patients who completed the chemotherapy. There are 1 male,259 females,and mean age is（ 51. 33 ± 10. 99） years. The common adverse effects of breast cancer include nausea（ 67. 69%）,vomiting（ 36. 15%）,decreased white blood cell（ 66. 54%）,decreased neutrophil count（ 66. 54%）,anemia（ 57. 69%）,fatigue（ 53. 85%）,and taste disorders（ 40. 77%）. Drug category has significant influence on chemotherapy toxicity（ all P〈0. 05）. Conclusion This study found that drug category had significant influence on chemotherapy toxicity,therefore,doctors should pay attention to the risk of nausea,vomiting,neurotoxicity and bone marrow suppression, in order to develop appropriate chemotherapy regimens.