新闻舆论对刑事司法的影响

The Influence of Media Public Opinion on Criminal Justice

新闻舆论和刑事司法的价值追求都是"实现社会正义"。随着"依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家"成为我国宪法确立的治国方略,新闻舆论对刑事司法的影响就成为社会各界热议的话题。通过网络爬虫(web crawler)分别对近几年社会影响较大的李昌奎案、许霆案、东方创投案、青岛聂磊案相对应的贴吧数据进行梳理,可统计得到各个案件的网络舆论数据,进而通过方差分析和建立线形回归模型,进行实证分析,结果发现新闻舆论监督在案件审判的各个阶段产生的影响是存在显著性差异的。李昌奎案在舆论的压力之下,司法判决发生的波动相对其他案件来说比较大,舆论切切实实对该案的判决起到比较大的影响。在许霆案中,二审判决由死刑改判为五年有期徒刑,舆论在这一过程中也起到了推波助澜的作用。舆论的态度在东方创投案和聂磊案的不同阶段变化较大,司法判决并没有因此而发生改变。应积极寻求新闻舆论监督与刑事审判独立相统一的制度价值,保证审判机关在新闻舆论监督下独立审判,新闻舆论在法律规制下有序报道。

The value pursued by both media public opinion and criminal justice is to realize social jus- tice. With the ＂rule of law and building a socialist law-based country＂ becoming the governance strategy es- tablished in the Constitution of China, the influence of media public opinion on criminal justice has become a hot topic in all walks of life. Using the web crawler to tackle the data of corresponding post bars （Baidu） of larger social impact cases in recent years such as Li Changkui case, Xu Ting case, Oriental Venture ease, Qingdao Nie Lei case respectively, we can get the data of public opinion on the internet of each case. By the analysis of variance and establishment of linear regression model, we do the empirical analysis and get the result that the influence of the supervision of media public opinion imposed on each phrase of case trial is obviously different. For the ease of Li Changkui, under the pressure of public opinion, there is great fluctuation in judicial decisions compared with other cases, and public opinion imposed a really bigger influ- ence in the judgment. In the ease of Xu Ting, the judicial decision of the second instance was commuted to imprisonment for five years from the death penalty, and the public opinion played a supporting role in the process; For the East Venture and the Nie Lei cases, the attitude of public opinion in different stages are very different, but the judicial decisions had not been changed. We shall actively pursue the system value of unifying supervision of media public opinion and independent criminal trial to ensure the trial authority independently tries a ease under the supervision of the media public opinion and the media reports the ease in an orderly way under the legal regulation.