权利法哲学视野中的体育腐败及其治理原则

Sports Corruption and Its Governance Principles in the Philosophical Perspective of Rights Law

针对体育腐败现象,主要通过文献资料法,从权利法哲学视角对体育腐败的定义、本质及其治理原则进行法理解读,目的在于揭示体育领域腐败的深层机理并得出治理之策。体育腐败是发生在体育领域之内的腐败,是享有体育公共权力的主体滥用或怠于行使体育公共权力的行为。体育腐败可以分为2种情形,一种是利用体育职权为自己或他人谋取不正当利益;另一种情形是虽未获取不正当利益,但滥用或怠于行使体育职权致使他人利益或公共利益受损。体育腐败的本质源于在体育权利与体育权力的博弈过程中体育权利之抑制以及体育权力之嚣长,因此,体育腐败的基本治理应遵循以下2个原则:体育权利张扬原则以及体育权力制约原则。体育制度和体育道德是实现体育权利张扬和体育权力制约最有效之措施,应以体现权利张扬和权力制约的体育制度规范之"硬法"辅之以体育道德伦理的教化和治理之"软法"。

This study interprets the definition,essence and governance principles of sports corruption from the philosophical perspective of rights law by the method of literature review,aims to reveal the deep mechanism of corruption in sports field and get the governance principles.Sports corruption is a thing which happened in sports field,and is an abuse or inaction of sports public power.There are two situations in sports corruption.One is to use sports authority to seek illegitimate interests for oneself or others,and the other is not to gain illegitimate interests,but to abuse or neglect exercising sports authority causing the damage of others＇ interests or public interests.The sports corruption originated from suppression of sports rights and expansion of sports power in the game.Therefore,the basic governance of sports corruption should follow two principles including publicity of sports rights and restriction of sports power.Sports system and sports ethics are the most effective measures to realize publicity of sports rights and restriction of sports power; we should combine them.