物流通道的区域经济聚散机制及其集聚效应检验——基于中国11条物流通道的实证

The Regional Economic Agglomeration and Diffusion Mechanism of Logistics Corridor and Its Agglomeration Effects——An Empirical Study Based on China's 11 Logistics Corridors

物流通道是区域交通基础设施的骨干物流服务系统,不仅在其干线上承担货物运输功能,在其物流节点上也提供包括储存、分拣、包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等一系列物流服务,以支持物流通道沿线区域的经济流通,是由物流实体通道和物流信息通道共同构成的现代物流通道。首先,本文以交通区位论、集聚经济理论、经济地理学理论为基础,从理论上分析了物流通道的区域经济聚散机制及其对沿线区域的集聚效应;其次结合中国区域发展规划和各交通干线的建设状况,梳理出中国11条综合性物流通道,同时考虑了物流信息通道作用,通过建立数理模型对其技术水平做了综合评价;最后构建动态面板数据模型实证检验了中国物流通道的区域集聚效应。研究结果表明:从全国层面看,中国物流通道都具有显著的区域集聚效应;从各通道层面看,综合反映物流通道区域集聚效应的规模、密度和专业化效应具有明显的空间差异,具体表现为:同柳、京沪物流通道的规模效应和密度效应较大,而沿海、京广物流通道较小,且在研究期表现为在地处中西部和横跨东中西部的物流通道规模效应和密度效应更明显;长江、沿海、京哈、陇海兰新及沪昆物流通道的专业化效应较大,而相对经济发展落后的、纵贯西部地区的宝昆物流通道、横跨中西部青海和西藏等省市的京拉物流通道专业化效应还较低。

Logistics corridor is the backbone logistics service system of regional transportation infrastructure, it not only has the functions of freight transportation on its main line, but also provides a series of logistics services such as storage, sorting, packaging, circulation processing, distribution and information processing in the logistics nodes, by which it can also support the regional economic circulation, and it is a modem logistics corridor which is composed of logistics entity corridor and logistics information corridor. Firstly, based on the traffic location theory, the agglomeration economic theory and economic geography theory, this paper analyzes theoretically the regional economic agglomeration and diffusion mechanism of logistics corridor and its agglomeration effects; secondly, combining with relevant research and regional development planning in China, we tease out Chinese 11 comprehensive logistics corridors,and taking into account the impact of logistics information corridor to make a comprehensive evaluation of its technical level by mathematical model; finally, the agglomeration effects of China＇ s logistics corridor is verified by constructing dynamic panel data model. The research shows, from the national scope, China＇ s logistics corridor has significant effects of regional economic agglomeration effects, but from each logistics corridor, the density effects, size effects and specialization effects of the regional agglomeration effects have significant spatial differences, the density effects and size effects in logistics corridors of Tongliu and Jinghu are lager, but the logistics corridors in coastal areas and Jingguang are smaller, and during the study period, the scale effects and density effects of the logistics corridors which locate in mid- west regions and across east-central-west regions are more obvious; the specialization effects in the logistics corridors of coastal areas, Jingha, Longhai-Lanxin and Hukun are larger, but specialization effects of those logistics corridors which are across the mid-west regions and China＇ s western provinces, such an Qinghai and Tibet, are still relatively low.