非高管型海归、本土科技人才与企业突破性创新——来自中小型高新技术企业的经验证据

Non-executive Returnees,Local Sci-tech Talents and Radical Innovation:Empirical Evidence from China High-technology SMEs

随着海归回流量的增加,非高管型海归人员激增,研究非高管型海归员工对企业创新的作用具有重要意义。与现有文献不同,本文利用2012-2014年间739家中小型高新技术企业数据,刻画了海归员工和本土科技员工对企业不同创新类型产出的影响作用。本文的主要发现是:(1)非高管型海归对企业创新绩效提升具有显著作用,相比于突破性创新,对渐进性创新的促进作用更强;(2)发现本土科技人才与非高管型海归互补作用存在异质性,即在模仿性创新上存在互补效应,在突破性创新上互补效应不显著;(3)通过引入分位数回归的估计方法,发现非高管海归在创新绩效高的企业促进作用显著,在创新绩效低的企业作用不显著;相反,非高管型海归与本土科技人才的互补效应在创新绩效低的企业显著,而在创新绩效高的企业不显著。

With the increase of returnee inflows, the number of non-executive returnees increase sharply. It is of great significance to investigate the role of non-executive returnees in enterprise innovation. With data on 739 high-technology SMEs from 2012 to 2014, this paper study the influence of returnee employees and local sci-tech employees on the outputs of different types of innovation. The main findings of this paper including： （ 1 ） The non-executive returnees have a significant effect on the improvement of enterprise innovation performance. The effect on incremental innovation is stronger than radical innovation. （2） There is heterogeneity in the complementary effects of local sci-tech talents and non-executive returnees. There is complementary effect on the imitative innovation but no such effect on the radical innovation. （ 3 ） By introducing the estimation method of quantile regression, this paper found that, for those enterprises with high innovation performance, non-executive returnees have a significant role in increase the innovation outputs. But non-executive returnees have no significant effect on enterprises with low innovation performance. On the contrary, the complementary effect of non-executive returnees and local sci-tech talents is significant in enterprises with tow innovation performance, while such effect is not significant in enterprises with high innovation performance.