微光遥感成像技术研发动态评述

Review on Low Light Level Remote Sensing Imaging Technology

微光遥感成像技术是用微光像增强CCD(ICCD)弥补现有CCD成像器件不足的遥感成像技术,其主要特点是宽光谱响应、低噪声、高灵敏度、大动态范围和智能电子控制。该技术的应用将大大拓展各类航天器的有效工作照度条件和时段范围,从白昼10~5~10~2lx(10:00—16:00,6 h有效遥感),扩展为白昼/晨曦/黄昏/月光条件下的10~5~10^(-1)lx(06:00—18:00,12 h有效遥感),使遥感器材能在更宽的时段内从事观察、报告、预警地面的突发事件,如自然灾害、恐怖活动,并为满足必要的地理、地质和测绘等需求提供实时信息。简要评述微光遥感成像技术的基本原理、系统组成、关键技术、性能测试、总体评价及推广应用等方面的最新研发动态和成果。

The low light level remote sensing imaging technology uses image intensified CCD （ICCD）, to make up of the existing CCD remote sensing camera. The technology features are wide spectral response, low noise, high sensitivity, large dynamic range, and intelligent electronic control. The ICCD as well as its applications, will significantly expand the applicable luminance conditions and work time of various spacecraft, from 10^5-10^2 lx in the daytime （10：00-16：00 for 6 h effective remote sensing time） to 10^5-10^-1 lx under daylight/dawn/dusk/moonlight conditions （06：00-18：00 for 12 h effective remote sensing time）. The remote sensing equipment can provide real-time information in a wider period through its observing, reporting, and early warning ground emergencies, such as natural disasters, terrorist activities, as well as some necessary demands in geography, geology and mapping fields. In the paper, we have reviewed the basic principle, system composition, key technique, performance test, overall evaluation and the latest research progress and achievement in application of the low light level remote sensing imaging technology.