浅析光照信息对肉鸡免疫功能的作用

Effect of Light Information on Immune Function of Broiler

光照信息是自然界中最重要的环境因素之一,它通过对动物的视觉系统和昼夜节律生物钟系统的调控,进而影响着生物体的多种生理功能。肉鸡属于光敏感动物,其视网膜和松果体上存在着不同的光感受器以及昼夜节律生物钟,通过位于其上的光受体接受外界环境的光信息(光照波长、光照周期和光照强度),再把不同光信息处理后转化为特定的生物信号,从而影响机体的生长发育、生产性能和免疫功能。作者综述了不同的光照信息:光照周期、光照强度及光照波长对肉鸡免疫功能的增强或抑制作用并重点讲述了褪黑激素通过其受体途径和非受体途径(抗氧化作用)介导着不同光照波长(光色)对肉鸡免疫功能的调控,以期为现代化肉鸡养殖过程中合理运用光照信息提供理论依据。

Light information is one of the most important environmental factors in nature.It regulates the physiological functions of the organism through the animal＇s visual system and the circadian circadian clock system.Birds are light-sensitive animals,and their photoreceptors and diurnal rhythms have a different photoreceptors and circadian rhythms on the retina and pineal glands.They receive light information（light wavelength,light period and light intensity）of the external environment through the light receptors.The different light information processing into a specific biological signal,thus affecting the body＇s growth and development,production performance and immune function.The authors describe the effects of different light information,such as light cycle,light intensity and light wavelength on the enhancement or inhibition of immune function in broilers,and focus on the control of different light wavelengths（light color）on the immune function mediated by melatonin using its receptor pathway and non-receptor pathway（antioxidant）in broilers.The purpose of this paper is to provide the theoretical basis for the rational use of light information in the process of modern broiler breeding.