象征何盛,悲喜何情,心棒何重?——孙悟空形象再续议(《〈西游记〉美学问议录》之七)

Image of Sun Wukong in Journey to the West

《西游记》百回本突出象征方法兼融其他立象方法构成寓言的特征。其审美功效在孙悟空形象中体现得最为充分。孙悟空形象为象征这一基本立象方法的生命力做了证明,也对中国审美立象学说对诸种基本立象方法关系理解的合理性做了证明。由寓言呈现的孙悟空形象对人情思具有多重感染力和审美效应。百回本寓言题旨是围绕人才问题写人的修持提升的必要性和准备经历的艰难进程。孙悟空象征人心,作为主角,要由原本题旨意向去解读。心与棒结合的象征作用提供了孙悟空形象的主要艺术格局,观察这方面变化可以了解其心行程度,并且可以帮助激发对历史韵味的领略和对寓言相关哲理的体悟。

Symbolism as a frequently-used literary device in the Journey to the West is well-represented in Su Wukong,a leading character in the novel. The moral lesson of this book is about salvation and self-realization. The pilgrimage of Su Wukong to the West symbolizes his journey inward. An in-depth study of symbols can help us fully understand the morals in this classical novel.