诺如病毒结构和进化研究进展

Research progress on the structure and neutralizing epitope of norovirus

诺如病毒属于杯状病毒科,无包膜病毒,是全球病毒性肠胃炎的主要病原体。目前认为组织血型抗原是诺如病毒的受体。诺如病毒疫苗研究主要是重组表达病毒衣壳蛋白组装的病毒样颗粒,其与天然病毒结构相似。不同基因型的GⅡ.4的病毒样颗粒,由于在受体结合区域氨基酸的序列差异,可导致病毒与不同受体结合以及抗原性发生改变。了解病毒的结构、中和表位和抗原变异对于疫苗的研发和质控具有重要意义。

Norovirus（NoV） belongs to the family of Caliviridae without envelops. No V is the major pathogen of epidemic nonbacterial gastroenteritis in humans. No V binds to the polymorphic histoblood group antigens（HBGAs）,which act as the putative cellular receptor. Researches on No V vaccine focus on the expression of the capsid protein in recombinant systems that yield assembly of virus-like particles to mimic the antigenic structure of authentic virion. Studies with virus-like particles from the GⅡ. 4 genocluster demonstrated that variation in and around the receptor-binding domain results in differential HBGA binding and altered antigenicity.