首发与复发精神分裂症色彩偏好的特点

Color Preference Difference Between Patients of First-episode and Recurrent Schizophrenia

目的：探讨首发与复发精神分裂症患者色彩偏好的异同及影响因素。方法：采用红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、紫、白、黑、灰9种颜色,分别运用对偶比较法及等级排序法,在治疗前、治疗6周末对1320例住院精神分裂症患者进行色彩偏好的调查。结果：（1）在抽象色,两组治疗前均最偏好蓝色,最不偏好黑色,等级相关显著（r=0.778,P〈0.01）,偏好程度差异无显著性（P〉0.05）;治疗后均最偏好红色,最不偏好灰色,首发组在红、蓝、灰色偏好上与治疗前差异显著（P〈0.01）,而复发组在红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、紫、灰上差异显著（P〈0.01）;（2）在环境色,治疗前首发组最偏好绿色,复发组最偏好蓝色,均最不偏好黑色,等级相关显著（r=0.750,P〈0.01）,偏好程度差异无显著性（P〉0.05）;治疗后均最偏好蓝色,最不偏好黑色,首发组在蓝色偏好上显著上升,复发组在紫、白、黑、灰上与治疗前差异显著（P〈0.05）;（3）首发组色彩偏好得分与治疗前、治疗后PANSS得分相关均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。复发组治疗前抽象色彩橙色偏好得分与PANSS得分显著正相关（r=0.062,P〈0.05）,环境色彩黑色偏好得分与PANSS得分显著正相关（r=0.072,P〈0.05）;治疗后对抽象色、环境色的偏好得分与PANSS得分相关均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：精神分裂症患者在疾病未治期偏好冷色调,干预后对暖色到的偏好提升。复发组患者在疾病未治期对环境色刺激不敏感,对抽象色彩橙色及环境色彩黑色的偏好上与PANSS得分显著正相关。推测可能与人格特点、躯体感受以及症状严重程度有关。

Objective：To investigate the color preferences and its influencing factors between first-period and relapse schizophrenic inpatients.Methods：Using red,orange,yellow,green,blue,purple,white,black and gray,the color preference of 1320 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia was measured before and 6 weeks of treatment using the dual comparison method and the ranking method,respectively.Results：（1）In the abstract color,the two groups before treatment most preferred the blue,least preferred black,rank correlation was significant（r=0.778,P〈0.01）,with no color preference difference（P〈0.05）.After treatment the two groups both were preferred the red,least preferred gray.The preference of red,blue,gray in the first-period group was different before and after treatment（P〈0.01）,and relapse group＇s preference in red,orange,yellow,green,blue,purple,grey had significant difference before and after treatment（P〈0.01）.（2）In the environment color,before treatment,the first-period group most preferred the green,the relapse group most preferred the blue,both did not prefer black,rank correlation was significant（r=0.750,P〈0.01）,with no color preference difference difference between the two groups（P〈0.05）.After treatment the two groups both preferred the blue not black.The first-period group had a significant rise in blue preferences,the relapse group in purple,white,black,grey compared with that before treatment（P〈0.05）.（3）The first-period group color preference score and the PANSS scores before and after treatment had no statistical significance correlation（P〈0.05）.In relapse groups,abstract orange color preference scores before treatment and PANSS score was significantly positive correlated（r=0.062,P〈0.05）,environmental color black preference scores and PANSS score were significantly positively correlated（r=0.072,P〈0.05）.After treatment,abstract color and environmental color preference score and the PANSS score had no statistical significant correlation（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Patients with schizophrenia have a preference for cold color during the period of the disease,and their preference for warm color increases after intervention.Patients with recurrent group were not sensitive to environmental color stimulation during the period of the disease,and the preference for abstract color orange and color black is positively correlated with the PANSS score.These may be linked to personality traits,physical feelings,and severity of symptoms.