有无自杀未遂史抑郁症患者自杀意念与风险比较

A Comparative Study on the Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Risk in Depression Patients with or without Attempted Suicide

目的：比较既往有自杀未遂史抑郁症患者与无自杀未遂史抑郁症患者住院治疗期间自杀意念与自杀风险的不同。方法：采用Beck自杀意念量表（BSI-CV）、临床疗效总评量表（CGI）,根据既往有无自杀未遂史对照研究195例抑郁症患者自杀意念与自杀风险的变化。结果：（1）女性与受教育年限偏低的抑郁症患者既往有自杀未遂史多（P〈0.05）;（2）既往无论有无自杀未遂史,抑郁症患者自杀意念和自杀风险均降低（P〈0.05）;既往有自杀未遂史抑郁症患者从第一周至第三周自杀意念高于无自杀未遂史患者（t=-7.51^-5.57,P〈0.05））,只在第一周自杀风险高于无自杀未遂史患者（t=-3.13,P〈0.05）;（3）既往无论有无自杀未遂史,抑郁症患者自杀意念与病情严重程度呈正相关（r=0.44~0.72,P〈0.05）,有自杀未遂史患者相关性高于无自杀未遂患者;既往有自杀未遂史抑郁症患者从第一周至第三周自杀风险与病情严重程度呈正相关（r=0.41~0.49,P〈0.05）,无自杀未遂史患者只在第一周有相关性（r=0.47,P〈0.05）;（4）既往有无自杀未遂史抑郁症患者疗效总评无统计学差异（t=-1.69~1.72,P〉0.05）。结论：既往有自杀未遂史抑郁症患者在治疗过程中自杀意念、自杀风险,及与疾病严重程度相关性均高于无自杀未遂史患者。

Objective：To compare the difference of suicidal ideation and suicide risk among depression patients with or without history of suicide attempts during hospitalization.Methods：A total of 195 cases of hospitalized patients with depressive disorder were assessed with Beck scale for suicide ideation-Chinese version（BSI-CV）,Clinical Global Impression（CGI）,then they were divided into two groups according to with or without the history of suicide attempts,to make a control study on the changes of suicide ideation and suicide risk.Results：（1）Female and lower educational depression patients were more likely to had history of past attempted suicide（P〈0.05）.（2）The suicidal ideation and suicide risk in depression patients with or without history of past attempted suicide were gradually decreased,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）;Patients with depression who had history of past attempted suicide were higher than those who had not past attempted suicide from the first week to the third week（t=-7.51^-5.57,P〈0.05）,only in the first week the risk of suicide was higher than those without suicide attempts（t=-3.13,P〈0.05）.（3）The suicidal ideation was positively correlated with the severity of the disease in depression patients with or without history of past attempted suicide（r=0.44~0.72,P〈0.05）,patients with history of past attempted suicide were significantly higher than those without history of past attempted suicide;the suicidal risk was positively correlated with the severity of the disease in depression patients with or without history of past attempted suicide（r=0.41~0.49,P〈0.05）,only in the first week was positively correlated in depression patients without history of past attempted suicide（r=0.47,P〈0.05）.（4）There was no significant difference in clinical efficacy between the two groups（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Patients who has history of past attempted suicide has significantly higher suicidal ideation,suicide risk and higher correlation with disease severity than those without a history of attempted suicide.